Protein synthesis is a complex process that involves the creation of proteins from amino acids. It consists of three main phases: initiation, polymerization, and termination <a href=https://allaitement-achacunsonchemin.com/methyl-glycidate-aromatic-chemistry-in-action>https://allaitement-achacunsonchemin.com/methyl-glycidate-aromatic-chemistry-in-action</a>


. Here's a breakdown of each phase:

Initiation: During initiation, a start site on the mRNA (messenger RNA) is selected to establish the reading frame. The tRNA (transfer RNA), which carries the methionine amino acid, interacts with the AUG codon on the mRNA. This ensures that every nascent polypeptide has an N-terminal methionine

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Polymerization: Polymerization is the phase where the actual synthesis of the protein occurs. Ribosomes, which are complex molecular machines, facilitate this process. They move along the mRNA, reading the codons and recruiting the appropriate tRNA molecules that carry the corresponding amino acids. The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids, creating a growing polypeptide chain

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Termination: Termination marks the end of protein synthesis. When a stop codon is encountered on the mRNA, it signals the ribosome to release the completed polypeptide chain. The ribosome dissociates from the mRNA, and the newly synthesized protein is released

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It's important to note that protein synthesis is a fundamental process in all living organisms, including both prokaryotes (such as bacteria) and eukaryotes (such as plants and animals). While the overall process is similar, there are some differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes in terms of the specific mechanisms involved
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