The key factors affecting agricultural production are temperature, humidity, light level, carbon dioxide, soil pH, and soil conductivity. The so-called temperature and humidity refer to air temperature and humidity as well as soil temperature and humidity.

Effects of air and soil temperature on plant growth:

1. Affect metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration;

2. Suppress plant growth by affecting metabolic processes such as synthesis and transportation of organic matter;

3. Directly affect the soil temperature, resulting in hindering the absorption and transport of water and fertilizer to affect plant growth;

Some studies have shown that a large temperature difference between day and night temperatures is conducive to promoting plant nutrient growth. Higher daytime temperatures, under strong light, are conducive to the photosynthetic rate, providing sufficient material for growth; lower nighttime temperatures can reduce the consumption of organic matter by respiration.

Each plant has its own preferred temperature, combined with plant characteristics, so as to better grasp the plant's growth pattern.

Effect of air and soil moisture on plant growth:

1. Effect of Soil Moisture

If the moisture is too high or too low, it will inhibit or stop respiration, photosynthesis, growth and other life activities.

Soil moisture determines the water supply of crops, directly affecting the growth of crop roots, only the soil moisture is appropriate, the root system water absorption and leaf transpiration can reach a balanced state. If soil moisture is too low, soil drought will be formed, photosynthesis can not be carried out normally, which will reduce the yield and quality of crops; serious water shortage will lead to withering and death of crops. Excessive soil moisture deteriorates soil aeration, affects the activities of soil microorganisms, and hinders the respiration, growth and other vital activities of crop roots. Roots are deprived of oxygen, suffocate and eventually die.

2. Effects of Air Humidity

Air humidity affects transpiration, which, in addition to being the driving force for water uptake, is also the driving force for mineral nutrient transport. Air humidity, transpiration is weak, the plant's ability to transport mineral nutrients is reduced. 

Transpiration also regulates the temperature of the leaves; if the temperature is high, the air humidity is high, and transpiration is weak, the leaves may be burned. The effect of transpiration will indirectly affect the potting soil alternating wet and dry, not conducive to fertilizer management; air humidity is too low for a long time, it will cause the edge of the leaf blade as well as the tip of the necrotic, mainly because of the difference between the leaf blade inside the air cavity water pressure and the outside world too large a difference in the water pressure, resulting in the internal supply of water vapor inside the leaf blade necrotic air humidity affects the size of the stomata of the plant opening and closing, air humidity is too large or too small will lead to stomata closed! The stomata of plants close, CO2 cannot enter the leaf cells, and photosynthesis slows down or even stops.

Excessive air humidity favors the propagation of pathogens, and most fungal spores require high humidity for germination and mycelium development. Excessive low humidity favors the occurrence of insect pests, such as red spider and other mites that generally occur in high temperature and low humidity environments.

High humidity causes water to condense on the foliage, resulting in rupture of the foliage cells, as well as weakening the plant.

Overall, each plant has preferred temperature and humidity, which is controlled according to its characteristics to safeguard the growth of the plant. Such as modern agricultural greenhouse greenhouses, the use of air and soil moisture sensor equipment to collect data, according to the characteristics of plants, intelligent control of temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse.